Cooper s lathe



(No Model.) 4 4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

H. SCHMIDT. COOPER S LATHE No. 525,160. Patented Aug. 28, 1894.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

H. SCHMIDT. GOOPBRS LATHE.

No. 525,160. Patented Aug. 28, 1894.

(No Model.) v 4 Sheets-Sheet a H. SCHMIDT.

GOOPERS LATHE.

No. 525,160. I Patented Aug.28,1894.

(No Model.) l 4 Sheets-Sheet 4. H. SCHMIDT.

I GOOPBRS LATHE. No. 525.160. Patented Aug. 28, 1894.

. UNITE TATEPS PATENT Fries.

HENRY SCHMIDT, OF ELGIN, ILLINOIS.

,COOPERS LATHE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 525,160, dated August28, 1894.

Application filed July 1, 1 893.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY SCHMIDT, a citizen of the United States,residing at Elgin, in the county of Kane and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Coopers Lathes, of whichthefollowing is a full, clear, and exact specification.

My invention relates to improvements in lathes employed for finishingthe ends and surfaces of tubs, such as butter tubs, kits and othersimilar vessels, and forming the croze groove therein for the receptionof the edges of the head or bottom.

In devices of this nature it is customary to employ a rotary chuck orother such means for holding and revolving the. tub to be finished, inconjunction with the dressing or smoothing and grooving toolsarranged'and adapted to be forced against the sides and ends of the tub,for chamfering or finishing the extremities of the staves, howeling ordressing their inner and outer sides andcutting the said croze groove orchannel in the path of the howeling plane. Of these lathes, my inventionrelates more particularly to improvements in that class in which theknives or tools are so arranged as to be capable of acting on both endsof the tuber vessel at once;

One of the important objects of my invention is to provide for theemployment'of a cushioned chuck in a coopers lathe, so that. the chuckwill be capable of yielding automatically with relation to the tools. orcutters.

Another object of my invention is to make the tools, with relation tothe chuck.

A further object is to provide improved means for regulating the bite orcutof the tools on the ends of the staves or the tub. And a stillfurther object is to provide for locking the tools or knives, in anyposition in which they are set, with reference 'to the length of thestaves.

With these ends in view my invention consists in certain features ofnovelty described and claimed herein and shown in the accompanyingdrawings.

In the said drawings, Figure 1 is a perspec-. tive view of a latheconstructed according to, my invention, a tub being shownin positiontherein. Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail plan Serial No. 479,359- (Nomodel.)

view showing the tub and a portion of the chuck in longitudinal section.Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail sectional view taken on the line 3-3, Fig.4. Fig. 4 is an end view of the mechanism shown in Fig. 2, looking fromthe right. Fig. 5 is a detail view of the inner face or side of one ofthe tool stocks, showinga and the adjustable pedestal upon which it ismounted.

.Like signs of reference indicate like throughout the several views.

In carrying out my invention I mount the tool stocks upon apedestalvwhich is capable of adjustment longitudinally and transverselyof the axis of the tub being operated upon, while the frame whichcarries the tool stocksis capable of swinging on upright andlongitudinal axes and the tool stocks themselves are capable of movingin either direction lengthwise of the axis of the tub. The chuck whichcarries and revolves the tub beparts tween the tool stocks, is securedto its shaft so as to be compelled to rotate therewith,but is capable ofmoving longitudinally thereon so as to permit the free .movement of thetub longitudinally of the latters axis, independently of the toolstocks. One of the tool stocks is provided with an adjustable stopadapted to come against the end of the tub and force the latter awayfrom the tools or knives carried by that stock, a spring or cushionbeing preferably provided for forcing the tub in the opposite direction.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, 1 represents the chuckwhich may be conical in form as shown in Fig. 2, so as to conform to theinterior of the tub or vessel 2 which is forced over the chuck andheldand revolved thereby. This chuck is, rovided with .a web 3,projecting axially from which is a sleeve or box 4. The interior of thissleeve or box isprovided with splines 5 which work in correspondinggrooves as shown in dotted lines in the chuck-shaft 6, whose end isinserted in the box or sleeve 4, and is provided with a reduced stem orportion 7 upon which is sleeved a spiral spring 8. The portion 7 passesthrough an opening in the end of the box and is held from beingwithdrawn by means of a nut 9 screwed on the end thereof. The spring 8abuts at one end against the shoulder produced on the shaft 6 by theformation of the stem 7, and at its other end against the inner end ofthe box 4, so as to exert a normal tendency to force the chuck away fromthe shaft and hold the end of the box 4 normally against the nut 9. Bythis arrangement it will be seen that the chuck is firmly secured to itsdriving shaft 6 and is compelled to rotate therewith, while at the sametime the spring constitutes a cushion, admitting of the chuck togetherwith the tub being moved longitudinally of the shaft independentlythereof.

The shaft 6 may be journaled in suitable boxes 10 mounted upon a bed ortable 11, and being provided with a loose pulley l2 driven by a belt 13,from any suitable source of power. The motion of the pulley 12 may becommunicated at will to the shaft 6 by means of a clutch 14 whosemembers are adapted to be thrown into engagement by means of the pivotedhand lever 15 as will be understood, the lower end of the lever 15 beinglinked with lever 16 whose upper end is connected to the fork or yoke 17of the clutch in any convenient way.

18, 19 are the tool stocks in which are mounted respectively theleveling tools or planes 20, 21, whose inner ends project throughsuitable openings in the stocks and are adapted to engage with the endsof the staves for dressing or squaring the same.

The tool stock 18 whose knives are arranged to engage with the upper endof the tub or vessel, is provided on either side with a smoothing tool22, 23, respectively between which the edge of the tub revolves asindicated by dotted lines in Fig. 5, such tools 22, 23, being for thepurpose of smoothing the inside of the tub and forming the outside rimhowel. The other stock 19 however, is provided with a bowel plane 24 asshown in clotted lines in Fig. 4, which engages with the inner sides ofthe staves at the bottom of the tub, and forms the smooth circlepreparatory to cutting the croze channel or groove, which latter isproduced by a crozing tool 25 also secured to the inner side of thestock 19, and being of any suitable construction.

The tool stocks 18 19 are adapted and arranged to approach and recedefrom one another so as to receive the tub endwise between them, suitablemeans being provided for drawing them together to engage the tub andforcing them apart when it is desired to admit a tub of greater length,or to release the tub which is being operated upon. An

efiective and desirable construction for accomplishing these movementsconsists of a way or track 26 composed of two parallel bars as shownmore clearly in Fig. 2, upon which are mounted two cross-heads 27, 28,to which the tool stocks 18, 19 are secured respectively. To each of thecross-heads 27, 28, is secured a link 29 whose inner end is pivoted toone end of a double crank arm 30, the latter being mounted upon andsecured to a transverse shaft 31, whose outer end is keyed to an uprighthand-lever 32, the shaft 31 being journaled in suitable boxes 33 formedon or carried by the way 26. Thus it will be seen that when thehand'lever 32 is forced in one direction causing the shaft 31 to rock onits axis and oscillate the crank 30, the cross-heads 27, 28, and theirattached tool stocks 18, 19, will be drawn toward each other; and whensuch lever is oscillated in the opposite direction they will be forcedapart.

In order that the tool stocks may be locked in any position in whichthey are set by the described motion of the lever 32, I provide suchlever with a locking dog 34 whose lower end engages with a segment rack35 fixed to the way or track 26, the dog 34 being mounted in suitablekeepers or guides 36 between which is interposed a spring 37 for holdingthe dog normally depressed, and its upper end being connected to atrigger 38 pivoted to the lever 32.

Each of the tool stocks 18, 19, may be provided at one end with a flange39 which is bolted to its cross-head, while each of the cross-heads isprovided with a flange 40 which is bolted to the tool stock, thussecuring the tool stocks and cross-heads firmly together with capabilityof detachment when desired.

As a convenient way for constructing the cross-heads 27, 28, and holdingthem in place on the way 26, they are each composed of an upper andlower plate as shown more clearly in Fig 6, which are secured by boltsor rivets 4:1 to a block 42 fitting between the bars of the way 26 andhaving an ear 43 to which the link 29 is pivoted.

In order that the way 26 with the tool stocks carried thereby, may rockon its longitudinal axis, that is to say, on an axis extendinglengthwise of the axis of the tub or the chuck so as to raise and lowerthe tool stocks. I provide the ends of such way 26 with journals ortrunnions 45 which are mounted in suitable boxes 45" carried on theupper ends of a yoke 46. Thus it will be seen that when it is desired toremove the tub 2 from the chuck, it is only necessary to first force thetool stocks slightly apart by oscillating the lever 32 to the left, andthen oscillating such lever at right angles to the way 26, away from thetub. This movement will cause the way to turn in its journal bearings45, and the tool stocks will consequently be elevated so as to clear thetub, the one lever 32 being utilized for producing both of the describedmove ments of the tool stocks. In order that the tool stocks may remainin their elevated position without danger of accidentally falling intoengagement with the tub, I provide a counterbalance 47 which may besecured to the way 26 so as to rotate the same, by means of a rod or arm48 upon which the weight 47 is adj nstably secured, the arm itself beingsecured to one of the cross-heads by bolts or rivets 49. The lever 32 isalso utilized for throwing'the knives or tools into the differentpositions for operating upon the inner and outer sides of the tub.

The tools 22, 23, 24 and 25, it will be seen from Fig. 4, are soarranged that but one of them on each of the tool stocks can be inoperation at a time. When it is desired to simply level or square theends of the staves the tool stocks are set in the positions indicated inFigs. 4 and 5 so that the edges of the tub will run between the knives22, 23, and will run clear of both the tools 24, 25. When it is desiredto howel or smooth the inner sides of the staves preparatory totheformation of the croze groove, the lever 32 is forced in the directionof the arrow 50 Fig.4, which will throw the knife 24 into engagementwith the inner sides of the staves, the same movement carrying the knife23 against the outside of the tub at its upper end and forming theoutside rimhowel. When this operation has been completed the lever 32may be forced in the opposite direction so as to bring the crozing tool25 against the inner side of the tub and throw the'knife 24 out ofengagement, and at the same time throw the knife 22 on the stock 18 intoengagement with the inner side of the'tub at its upper end.

As indicated more clearly by Fig. 2, the tendency of the spring 8 is toforce the chuck and the tub toward the tool stook l9. In order that thispressure of the tub against the leveling plane 21 may be controlled andthe bite of such plane regulated, I provide the stock 19 with theadjustable stop before mentioned which may consist of a shoe or block 51as more clearly shown in Fig. 3, working in a complementary opening inthe stock 19 and adapted to come against the ends of the staves at thebottom of the tub as indicated in Fig. 4. This shoe or block is actuatedand held up. to its work by means of an eccentric 52 whose journals 53are mounted in suitable cars 54 formed on or secured to the stock 19,the eccentric being provided with a knob or handle, 55, by means ofwhich the eccentric may be rotated so as to bring its full side againstthe outer side of the block or shoe 51 for forcing the latter intoengagement, or turning its other side next the block so as to permit thespring 8 to force the tub toward the planing tool 21,- and thus causethe latter to take a deeper bite in the ends of the staves. This lattermovement of course causes the upper ends of the staves to recede fromthe planing tool 20, and consequently it will be seen that by theemployment of the described adjustable stop, arranged on one of the toolstocks only, the bite or'engagement of both the planing tools 20, 21,may be regu lated and controlled. The shoe 51 is provided at its outerside with flanges 56 to limit its inward movement and prevent it frombeing knocked out of place when the tub is removed.

In order that the tools may swing to and from the tub in a horizontal orsubstantially horizontal plane, so as to accommodate themselves totubswhose staves are set at various angles of inclination, I mount theyoke 46 upon an upright pivot 57, whereby one of the tool stocks may beforced toward the tub while the other is drawn away from it. Hence afterfinishing one tub whose staves are set at a certain angle ofinclination, and it should then be desired to operate upon a tub whosestaves are set at a different angle, it is only necessary to rotate theyoke 46 upon its pivot 57 until the knives or tools register with theedges of the tub. When the yoke has been properly adjusted it may belocked in place by means of set screws or bolts 58 passing throughcurved slots 59 formed in the hub of the yoke and engaging in the upperportion 60 of the pedestal, on which the pivot 57 is formed. These boltsor set screws 59 also serve to prevent the yoke 46 from jumping off itspivot.

In order that the yoke 46 may be adjusted bodily transversely of the tubso as to cause both knives to move closer to the axis of the tubat once,the upper portion 60 of the pedestal is'provided with a slidableconnection with the lower portion 61 of the pedestal. This connectionmay consist of a dovei tail and groove formed on the parts respectively,and the adjustment of the part 60may be effected by means of anadjusting screw 63 secured rotatably against longitudinal movement in abracket 64 formed on the part 61, and having its inner end engaging in athreaded socket in the portion 60 as will be understood. I

In order that the whole frame carrying the tool stocks may be adjustedbodily longitudi- 1 nally of the axis of the tub so as to enable me IIOto fit the knives or tools to the ends of the tub in the event the tubwhen slipped over the chuck should come to a different position withreference to the axis of the chuck,

. By the described means it will be seen that I I make the toolsuniversally adjustable with reference to and independently of the chuck,and thus adapt the device for operating upon tubs of all shapes andsizes, it simply being i I necessary to change the chuck for a larger orsmaller one when the dimensions of the tub to be operated upon varybeyond certain sizes, it being understood that a single chuck of a givensize is adapted for holding and revolving various sizes of tubs.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new therein, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a coopers lathe, the combination of the tool stocks having tools,and a chuck, the said chuck and tool stocks being movable bodily withrelation to each other on a line lengthwise of the axis of the chuck, acushion for causing the tools in one stock to engage,

and means for causing such tools to disengage and the tools in the otherstock to engage, substantially as set forth.

2. In a coopers lathe, the combination of the tool stocks, a chuckmounted to move in an axial line between said stocks, a cushion forforcing said chuck toward one of said stocks, and means for regulatingsuch movement of the chuck and forcing it in the opposite direction,substantially as set forth.

3. In a coopers lathe, the combination with tool stocks having cutterstherein, of means for holding and revolving the tub or vessel, arrangedintermediate of said cutters and movable with reference to said cutterslengthwise of the axis of the tub, and a stop for forcing the tublengthwise of its axis away from one cutter and toward the other,substantially as set forth.

4. In a coopers lathe, the combination with a tool stock having tools,and means for holding them in engagement with the vessel or tub, of achuck for revolving the vessel or tub, an adjustable stop adapted toforce the tools and tub out of engagement, and a cushion for causing thetools to again engage when said stop is released, substantially as setforth.

5. In a coopers lathe, the combination of a cushioned chuck, tool stocksadapted to be arranged at either end thereof, and an adjustable stopcarried by one of said tool stocks and adapted to engage with the end ofthe tub or vessel, substantially as set forth.

6. In a coopers lathe, the combination with a tool stock, of a chuckfree to move longitndinally of its axis, a shoe carried by said toolstock and adapted to engage the end of the tub or vessel, and aneccentric for actuating said shoe and constituting therewith a stop forholding the tub away from the tools, substantially as set forth.

7. In a coopers lathe, the combination of a chuck movable longitudinallyof its axis, a tool stock having an opening therein, a shoe arranged insaid opening for engaging with the end of the tub or vessel and havingthe flange 56, the ears 54 and eccentric 52 journaled in said ears andengaging with said shoe, substantially as set forth.

8. In a coopers lathe, the combination with a chuck, of a track or wayextending lengthwise of the axis of said chuck and being pivoted on anaxis also extending lengthwise of the axis of the chuck, tool stocksmounted on opposite ends of said way and adapted to slide therealong,and means mounted on said way for reciprocating said tool stockslengthwise of the axis of the chuck, substantially as set forth.

9. In a coopers lathe, the combination with a chuck, and ayoke or frameindependent of said chuck, and being pivoted on an axis extendingtransversely of the axis of. the chuck, of a way pivoted in the saidyoke on an axis extending lengthwise of the axis of said chuck, toolstocks arranged on opposite ends of said way and adapted to slidelengthwise of the axis of the chuck, and means for drawing said toolstocks toward each other, substantially as set forth. 7

10. In a coopers lathe, the combination with means for revolving thetub, of a way or track pivoted on its longitudinal axis, a tool stockmounted to slide on said way lengthwise of its said axis, a leverpivoted to said way for rotating it upon its said axis, and beingconnected to and adapted to reciprocate the said stock lengthwise of thetub, substantially as set forth.

11. In a coopers lathe, the combination with means for revolving thetub, of a way or track pivoted on its longitudinal axis, a tool stockmounted to slide on said way lengthwise of its said axis. a leverpivoted to said way on an axis extending transversely thereof, a rackcarried by said way and a dog carried by the said lever for engagingwith said rack, the said lever being connected to the said stock forreciprocating it along said way, substantially as set forth.

12. In a coopers lathe, the combination with means for revolving thetub, of a frame or yoke pivoted on an axis extending transversely of thetub, a track or way pivoted in said yoke on an axis extending lengthwiseor longitudinally of the tub, and tool stocks mounted on said way,substantially as set forth.

13. In a coopers lathe, the combination with means for revolving thetub, ofa frame or yoke pivoted on an axis extending transversely of thetub, a track or way pivoted in said yoke on an axis extending lengthwiseor longitudinally of the tub, tool stocks mounted to slide on said way,and a lever secured to said way for rotating it on its said axisextending longitudinally of the tub, and having connection with saidstocks; whereby said stocks maybe adjusted longitudinally andtransversely of Ehe lltub simultaneously, substantially as set ort 14.In a coopers lathe, the combination with means for revolving the tub, ofa way or track pivoted on its longitudinal axis, cross-heads arranged onsaid way or track, tool stocks carried by said cross-heads, a leverpivoted on said way or track connected to said crossheads, and adaptedto reciprocate the same in opposite directions on said way or track, and

means for locking said cross heads, substana vertical axis, and acounter-balance for said tially as set forth. 7 tool stock,substantially as set forth.

15. In a coopers lathe, the combination with means for revolving thetub, of a tool stock, HENRY SCHMIDT 5 a way or track upon which saidtool stockis Witnesses:

carried, pivoted ona longitudinal axis, a yoke F. A. HOPKINS, upon whichsaid way is mounted, pivoted on EDNA B. JOHNSON.

